Mr Green’s warning comes amid reports that at least half a dozen Tory MPs are considering joining Labour, the SNP and Liberal Democrats in rebelling on a key part of the EU Withdrawal Bill.
The MPs have been plotting during the summer recess, it has been reported.
In a piece for the Sunday Telegraph, Mr Green said: "Starting the new Parliamentary session with the Withdrawal Bill shows that it is now the job of all MPs, including my former colleagues on the Stronger In campaign, to respect the will of the people and get the best possible deal for Britain.
"No Conservative wants a bad Brexit deal, or to do anything that increases the threat of a Corbyn Government.”
Labour, which has set out a series of concerns about the bill, is expected to this week unveil plans to derail the legislation.
The Withdrawal Bill scraps the European Communities Act and transposes more than 19,000 EU laws and regulations into UK law.
'I will be ruthless in cutting out waste, streamlining structures and improving efficiency'
'I will be ruthless in cutting out waste, streamlining structures and improving efficiency'
'We're getting rid of bureaucracy, so that we're releasing time for police officers to be crime fighters and not form writers'
'The aim is to create here in Britain a really hostile environment for illegal migration'
'I'm not sure I should reveal the sources of my clothes'
'There must be no attempts to remain inside the E.U., no attempts to rejoin it through the back door, and no second referendum'
'Uncontrolled, mass immigration displaces British workers, forces people onto benefits, and suppresses wages for the low-paid'
'We can bring immigration down to sustainable levels'
However, senior Tories have said that they share Labour’s concerns about an element of the bill which gives the Government powers to push through changes to legislation without full parliamentary scrutiny.
But the Government insists that the powers, known as secondary legislation, are necessary to make thousands of technical changes to legislation.
Mr Green’s words have come after Mrs May earlier this week put herself on collision course with Tory critics by dramatically insisting she was "not a quitter” and that she would lead her party into the next election.
"I’m in this for the long term,” she declared, spelling out a mission to give Britain a "brighter future ... Standing tall” on the global stage.
However, a Survation poll for The Mail on Sunday has indicated that Conservative voters think they have more chance of winning if she resigns.
The survey also showed Labour five points ahead of the Conservatives, with a majority believing Jeremy Corbyn will become Prime Minister if he and Theresa May go head-to-head in 2022.
